Glossary

B

Boomerang kids

The term boomerang kids or boomerang generation describes the forced return of young adults to their parents' or other relatives' home, after having lived independently for a period of time, often while studying. It's a term that highlights the increased difficulties that young people are facing when trying to achieve financial and housing autonomy.

Brain drain

The emigration of highly trained or qualified people from a particular country in search of (better) work opportunities.

C

Community land trust

Community Land Trust is a private, non-profit organisation that owns land on behalf of a community, and acts as a property and land manager. CLT managed property can be used to develop affordable housing units, community gardens, commercial spaces etc. for the community's use and benefit.

Cost overburden

A household is considered to have an excessive housing cost burden, if its total housing costs amount to more than 40% of its total disposable income. (Household Income and Living Conditions Survey, Hellenic statistical authority ELSTAT)

D

Digital nomads

Digital nomads are professionals who reside and work based in a state other than that of their employer or clientele. In Greece, Article 40 of Law 4758/2020 sets a framework for attracting foreign individuals who are eligible for transferring their tax residence to Greece (Articles 5A and 5B).

Displacement

The term (housing) displacement refers to processes of expulsion or displacement of vulnerable and economically disadvantaged people and businesses from a neighbourhood due to rising prices, changing consumption patterns and uses, and the inability to respond to the new standard of living that is emerging. In English, the term “priced-out” is also used to describe the process of forced relocation due to the increased cost of staying in an area.

E

Energy Community

Energy Communities or ECs are single-purpose civil cooperatives aiming to promote social and solidarity economy, as defined in paragraph 1 of Article 2 of Law 2. 4430/2016 (A' 205) as well as innovation in the energy sector, while at the same time addressing energy poverty and promoting energy sustainability, energy production, storage, self-consumption, distribution and supply. Also, they strive to reinforce and guarantee energy self-sufficiency and energy security in the islands, as well as improving energy efficiency in end-use at local and regional level, by using Renewable Energy Sources (RES), High Efficiency Combined Heat and Power (CHP), rational energy use, energy efficiency, sustainable transport, as well as better management of energy demand and production, distribution and supply.

F

FEANTSA

FEANTSA is the European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless. It was established in 1989, and is conducting and disseminating research and data collection to promote a better understanding of the nature, extent, causes of, and solutions to, homelessness on a European level.

G

Generation rent

The term Generation rent describes young people's increased dependence on the rental housing sector, and how they are asked to pay exorbitant amounts for rent only to dwell in often unacceptable or really poor conditions. It also reflects the fact that there are little to no alternatives when it comes to young people's goal of independent housing, due to the great difficulty in purchasing owner-occupied housing and the limited availability of social housing.

H

Housing commercialisation

Both at a conceptual as well as at a practical level, housing is considered to be a commodity, an investment product and a vehicle for speculation and enrichment, rather than a basic social good and a fundamental right.

Housing displacement

The term (housing) displacement refers to processes of expulsion or displacement of vulnerable and economically disadvantaged people and businesses from a neighbourhood due to rising prices, changing consumption patterns and uses, and the inability to respond to the new standard of living that is emerging. In English, the term priced-out is also used to describe the process of forced relocation due to the increased cost of staying in an area.

Housing financialisation

The term refers to the increased prevalence of financial markets in the housing sector (allowing for higher profits in a shorter period of time), and the transformation of housing from being a basic social good to an intangible asset and investment product.

Housing overcrowding

Housing overcrowding is a condition where the number of occupants exceeds the capacity of the dwelling space available. More specifically a household should have: one room per household, one room per couple, one room per single adult, one room per two unmarried same-sex people aged 12 -17, one room for each unmarried opposite sex household member aged 12-17, one room per two household members under the age of 12. (Household Income and Living Conditions Survey, Hellenic statistical authority ELSTAT)

M

Material deprivation indicator

The enforced inability (rather than the choice not to do so) to obtain certain goods or services (Eurostat, 2017).

Medium-term leases

Medium-term leases or mid-term rentals are rentals for a slightly longer period of time than short-term rentals. They're usually a few months up to a year long.

O

Overtourism

Overtourism describes the situation in which the impact of tourism, at certain times and in certain locations, exceeds physical, ecological, social, economic, psychological, and/or political capacity thresholds" (Peeters et al., 2018: 22).

P

People at risk of poverty or social exclusion

According to Eurostat, a person is at risk of poverty or social exclusion when they’re facing one or more of the following situations: they’re considered poor (i.e. their total income is below 60% of the median equivalised disposable income), or severely materially and socially deprived (i.e. they lack basic consumer goods or can’t afford essential expenses) or living in a household with a very low work intensity (i.e. in a family where none of the family members have a “regular job”).

Platform capitalism

Α modern, fully organised and complex, economy that digitally connects providers and users, organises transactions between them and fully commodifies a range of resources and goods, including residential real estate. This is the (capitalist) economy as we know it, except that transactions are carried out via a digital platform. Airbnb and Uber are typical examples of platform economies.

Poor households

According to Eurostat, poor households are those whose total income is below 60% of the median equivalised disposable  income.

S

Sharing economy

Sharing economy is differentiated from the market economy. It describes a practice developed by peers for sharing services or goods, often without the use of money as a means of exchange. Typical examples of sharing economy are time banks, car sharing and couch surfing.

Social housing stock

In the study, the term social housing stock refers to publicly owned housing (be it by the State, municipalities or other public sector institutions) or to housing owned by non-profit organisations or  cooperative entities that is allocated based on social criteria at below-market price.

SPSDSIs

Special Plans for the Spatial Development of Strategic Investments

SSDPPRE

Special Spatial Development Plans for Public Real Estate

T

The National Energy and Climate Plan

The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) is the Greek government's strategic plan for climate and energy issues, setting out a detailed roadmap regarding the attainment of specific energy and climate objectives by 2030. Also, the NECP outlines Greece's long-term strategy, until 2050, since the country has joined the collective European goal for a successful and sustainable transition to climate neutrality by 2050.

Touristification

Touristification or tourism gentrification as a process is distinct from gentrification. It is the displacement of permanent residents from the neighbourhoods where they used to live, due to the invasion of tourist related activities and land uses and also because of the changes they bring about at various levels, in which short-term real estate rentals can play a key role.

U

Unidentified owner properties

According to the Cadastre, unidentified owner properties (or rights to properties) are those that for whatever reason were not registered during the cadastral process and are entered in the cadastral database as Unknown Owner properties. Such properties shall become the property of the State, after the completion of the cadastral registration procedure, as per the provision of Article 9 par. 1 of Law 2664/1998.